Mitral Heart valve replacement surgery is conducted under general anesthesia and typically lasts about 3 to 5 hours. A large incision is made in the chest and the patient is placed on a heart-lung machine during the surgery. Blood is circulated outside of the body and oxygen is added to it using a heart-lung (cardiopulmonary bypass) machine. The damaged mitral valve is removed and replaced with a plastic or metal mechanical valve, or a bioprosthetic valve, which is usually made from pig tissue.

Mitral valve replacement is a surgical procedure in which a diseased or defective mitral valve in the heart is replaced with a mechanical or tissue valve. Medical conditions which may require this surgery include mitral stenosis (a narrowing of the valve) and mitral insufficiency (in which the valve does not close properly). In most cases, this surgery can improve or relieve symptoms caused by a defective mitral valve, such as chest pain, fainting, and fatigue. 

Aortic valve bypass surgery provides an alternative treatment option to traditional aortic valve replacement for patients who are at a high risk of developing aortic valve stenosis. For these patients, aortic valve bypass surgery offers many advantages that can help them avoid both stroke and cardiac arrest during the procedure. In this video, the Maryland Heart Center's Dr. James Gammie narrates the steps of aortic valve bypass surgery as it is performed on an 83 year old male patient. About the Expert:

This video shows a totally thoracoscopic (TT) epicardial surgical ablation procedure for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF),

Patient Presentation of pacemaker placed for bradycardia in a 62 year-old male with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, left atrial size - 43mm, ejection fraction - 60%. Presented by USC Center for Atrial Fibrillation.

In the last few years surgeons and medical device companies have developed technology and techniques to perform coronary artery bypass grafting without the heart lung machine, aka "the pump", hence the name "Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting". Off-pump coronary bypass grafting is usually referred to as OPCAB or off-pump CABG.

The mitral valve is repaired by using a man-made fiber (Goretex) to replace stretched or broken chordae. This operation is being done with robotic assistance, but the valve can be repair using conventional surgical approaches as well. By correcting the chordae, the leaflets of the mitral valve will meet in the correct plane and once again function as a one-way valve

In this video, a 65-year-old male with a dilated left ventricle, previous DDD pacemaker, and a QRS duration of 230ms is upgraded to a permanent biventricular pacing system by placing the left ventricular electrode at the time of surgery using an epicardial, unipolar, steroid-eluting lead.

Suturing of central portion of anterior leaflet to central portion of posterior leaflet. Also known as the Bow-tie procedure.

Intuitive Surgical’s da Vinci® Surgical System combines superior 3D visualization along with greatly enhanced dexterity, precision and control in an intuitive, ergonomic interface with breakthrough surgical capabilities.